招生考试网
学历| 高考 美术高考 考研 自考 成考 专升本 中考 会考 外语| 四六级 职称英语 商务英语 公共英语 日语能力 翻译资格 JTEST
资格| 公务员 报关员 银行从业 司法 导游 教师资格 报关 财会| 会计证 经济师 会计职称 注册会计 税务师 资产评估 审计师
工程| 一建 二建 造价师 造价员 咨询师 监理师 安全师 医学| 卫生资格 执业医师 执业药师 执业护士 | 教案 论文 文档
IT类| 计算机等级 计算机软考 职称计算机 高校计算机 推荐-国家公务员 事业单位招聘 军校国防生 自主招生 艺术特长生 招飞
 3773考试网 - 大学英语四六级 - 英语六级 - 正文

2015年12月英语六级阅读标准练习12

来源:2exam.com 2015-8-30 13:34:32

It is a curious paradox that we think of the physical sciences as “hard”, the social sciences as “soft,” and the biological sciences as somewhere in between. This is interpreted to mean that our knowledge of physical system is more certain than our knowledge of biological systems, and these in turn are more certain than our knowledge of social systems. In terms of our capacity of sample the relevant universes, however, and the probability that our images of these universes are at least approximately correct, one suspects that a reverse order is more reasonable. We are able to sample earth’s social systems with some degree of confidence that we have a reasonable sample of the total universe being investigated. Our knowledge of social systems, therefore, while it is in many ways extremely inaccurate, is not likely to be seriously overturned by new discoveries. Even the folk knowledge in social systems on which ordinary life is based in earning, spending, organizing, marrying, taking part in political activities, fighting and so on, is not very dissimilar from the more sophisticated images of the social system derived form the social sciences, even though it is built upon the very imperfect samples of personal experience.

In contrast, our image of the astronomical universe, or even if earth’s geological history, ca easily be subject to revolutionary changes as new data come in and new theories are worked out. If we define the “security” of our image of various parts of the total system as the probability of their suffering significant changes, then we would reverse the order for hardness and as the most secure, the physical sciences as the least secure, and again the biological sciences as somewhere in between. Our image of the astronomical universe is the least secure of all simply because we observe such a fantastically small sample of it and its record-keeping is trivial records of biological systems. Records of the astronomical universe, despite the fact that we learnt things as they were long age, are limited in the extreme.

Even in regard to such a close neighbor as the moon, which we have actually visited, theories about its origin and history are extremely different, contradictory, and hard to choose among. Our knowledge of physical evolution is incomplete and insecure.

1.The word “paradox” (Line 1, Para. 1) means “_____”.

A.implication B.contradiction

C.interpretation D.confusion

2.Accroding to the author, we should reverse our classification of the physical sciences as “hard” and the social sciences as “soft” because _______.

A.a reverse ordering will help promote the development of the physical sciences

B.our knowledge of physical systems is more reliable than that of social systems

C.our understanding of the social systems is approximately correct

D.we are better able to investigate social phenomena than physical phenomena

3.The author believes that our knowledge of social systems is more secure than that of physical systems because______.

A.it is not based on personal experience

B.new discoveries are less likely to occur in social sciences

C.it is based on a fairly representative quantity of data

D.the records of social systems are more reliable

4.The chances of the physical sciences being subject to great changes are the biggest because _____.

A.contradictory theories keep emerging all the time

B.new information is constantly coming in

C.the direction of their development is difficult to predict

D.our knowledge of the physical world is inaccurate

5.We know less about the astronomical universe than we don about any social system because ______.

A.theories of its origin and history are varied

B.our knowledge of it is highly insecure

C.only a very small sample of it has been observed

D.few scientists are involved in the study of astronomy

答案:ACDAD

 



  • 上一个文章:
  • 网站版权与免责声明
    ①由于各方面情况的不断调整与变化,本网所提供的相关信息请以权威部门公布的正式信息为准.
    ②本网转载的文/图等稿件出于非商业性目的,如转载稿涉及版权及个人隐私等问题,请在两周内邮件fjksw@163.com联系.


    | 关于我们 | 联系我们 | 版权申明 | 网站导航 |
    琼ICP备12003406号